ENERGY PROJECTS IN TURKEY
| Consumption 1999 | 2010 (Estimated) | |||||
| Natural Gas & LNG | 13 | billion m3 | 55 | billion m3 | ||
| Oil | 32 | million tons | 47 | million tons | ||
| Hard Coal | 16,1 | million tons | 51,8 | million tons | ||
| Lignite | 66,3 | millions tons | 160,5 | million tons | ||
| Electric Power | 118,5 | billion kWh | 294,5 | billion kWh | ||
| Installed E.P. Capacity | 26.226 | MW | 60.490 | MW | ||
| * Temporary | ||||||
As end of 2000, the total primary energy consumption is expected to increase to 87.5 million tons of oil equivalent and per capita consumption will reach 1,339 kg of oil equivalent. It is estimated that production of primary energy will be realised as 28.8 million tons of oil equivalent.
In 2000, total installed and total production capacities of the power plants are going to reach 27,400 MW and 124,2 million kWh respectively.Studies of long-term electricity demand based on alternative economic growth scenarios indicate that demand will reach 196,6 billion kWh in the year 2005 with an installed capacity of about 40,000 MW. It is anticipated that, in the year 2010, electricity demand will increase to 294,5 billion kWh while installed capacity will be about 60,000 MW. In other words, in order to secure the supply of energy, an additional capacity of 34,000 MW should be installed until 2010. This necessitates investments of approximately USD 3.5 billion per annum.
Turkey seeks private sector's involvement in the energy and infrastructure projects in order to keep up with the rapidly growing demand. Current legal framework allows private companies to construct new power plants either under Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) or Build-Operate (BO) methods or as auto-producers. Also, private companies are allowed to operate existing power plants and distribution companies by receiving their operational rights through Transfer of Operational Rights (TOR) scheme.
Recent changes in the legislation:
- International arbitration is allowed for settlement of disputes.
- The authority of the High Council has been limited to giving an advisory opinion about concession contract and agreements within two months, rather than a binding decision.
- Electricity production and distribution projects are included the BOT scheme and BOT contracts are not considered as concession contracts, but private law contracts.
- Capacity expansion projects on the Russian Federation - Turkey NGPL (from 6 BCMA to 14 BCMA supply.)
- Blue Stream (from Russian Federation through Black Sea 16 billion m3 )
- Turkmenistan-Caspian Sea Crossing-Turkey-Europe NGPL (30 billion m3)
- Second LNG terminal (Aliaga 4-6 billion m3)
- Eastern Anatolian Natural Gas Main Transmission Pipeline (supply from Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Iran-Currently 10 billion m3 agreement with Iran)
- Egypt-Turkey Natural Gas Pipeline (through Mediterranean Sea or land, 4 billion m3)
- Iraq-Turkey Natural Gas Pipeline (10 billion m3 - after lifting embargo)
- Karacabey - Izmir Natural Gas Pipeline (125 km.)
- Konya-Izmir Natural Gas Pipeline (520 km.)
- Southern Natural Gas Transmission Line (355 km)
- Bakü-Ceyhan pipeline to carry up to 45 million tons of oil from Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan to the Ceyhan Terminal.
| Dam and Hydro Electrical Power Plants | MW | GWh |
| Akköprü Dam and HEPP | 115 | 343 |
| Alanya II. Stage (Dim and Dam) | 36 | 126 |
| Alpaslan Dam and HEPP (I) | 160 | 488 |
| Alpaslan Dam and HEPP (II) | 200 | 714 |
| Çine and Gökbel Dam and HEPP | 45 | 143 |
| Manyas Dam and HEPP | 19 | 66 |
| Obruk Dam and HEPP | 200 | 473 |
| Orta Ceyhan Dam and HEPP | 54 | 100 |
| Topçam Dam and HEPP | 60 | 91 |
| Darica - I HEEP | 79 | 292 |
| Uzunçayir Dam and HEPP | 74 | 317 |
| TOTAL | 1042 | 3153 |
Three gas fired power plants, with the total capacity of 1136 MW that were realised within the framework of BOT model, are in operation since 1999. Meanwhile TEAS's gas fired Bursa Natural Gas Power Plant was also commissioned in 1999. Two new natural gas combined cycle power plants are under construction, under the Build-Own-Operate (BOO) model (Adapazari-770 MW, Gebze-1,540 MW). The construction of the third BOO plant (Izmir-1,540 MW) will be started soon. These three BOO projects are expected to be completed in 2002-2003. The construction of another Coal Fired BOO project 2 X 605 MW Iskenderun Sugözü Thermal Power Plant has also started. Meanwhile, total auto-production capacity has reached to 2632 MW.
The tender for the establishment of Nuclear Power plant has been cancelled because of deficiency in government financial resources.
Supply availability including the ongoing projects will not be enough to meet power demand up to 2002. As an urgent action government decided to buy electricity from mobile plants and in addition to 100 MW mobile plants, recently announced an international tender for 4 X 100 MW mobile plants.
The situation beyond 2000 will be as follows:
| Fired | 2000-2005 (MW) | 2005-2010(MW) |
| Gas-Fired BO's | 4,550 | - |
| Coal-Fired BO's | 1,210 | - |
| Lignite | 4,150 | 700 |
| Cogen Project | 550 | - |
| Mobile | 600 | |
| New Thermal BOT's | 3,914 | 795 |
| Hydroelectiric (DSI+BOT) | 5,200 | 1,300 |
| TOTAL | 20,124 | 2,795 |
Moving in two fronts:
- Transfer of operating rights of 15 thermal power plants (8250 MW) for 20 years.
- Transfer of operating rights of 25 distribution regions for 30 years.
| Beyond 2000 | |||
| Gas Pipelines | $ | 7,4 billion | |
| Oil Pipelines | $ | 4 billion | |
| BO's | $ | 3 billion | |
| BOT's | $ | 10,8 billion | |
| Cogen projects | $ | 1 billion* | |
| Lignite | $ | 10,1 billion | |
| Nuclear | $ | 9,1 billion | |
| Hydro | $ | 11 billion | |
| Privatization - PP's (10 PP's) | $ | 0,4 billion | |
| Privatization - Distribution (20 regions) | $ | 0,5 billion | |
| TOTAL | $ | 61,8 billion | |
| * up to 2005 | |||